The multiplicity of religious doctrines, the declaration of “holy war”, controversy over the headscarf, secularism of the state and the teaching of religion in schools ... There are many occasions that make us wonder about the possible return of all that is religious. The author, Philippe Bourgois, proposes that we overcome the problems raised by this debate and devote sufficient time to reflect on and analyze the term “religion”. By reviewing the history of “religion” in the West, the author concludes with this term that changes over time and that we do not stop building and rebuilding what we call the term “religion”.