The Goldfish (Carassius auratus) is a freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae and order Cypriniformes. This fish is one of the fish that was first successfully domesticated, maintained and cultivated by humans. Now ornamental carp, or sometimes referred to briefly as goldfish, is one of the most popular aquarium ornamental fish. Carassius auratus varieties that have been domesticated and display mutations of a double-tailed body and a rounded compressed shape called goldfish.
As one of the members of the carp family (which also includes koi and karper carp), ornamental carp is an domestication version of the cultivation of fish species of Carassius auratus which are not too colorful, which are native habitat in eastern Asia. This fish was first kept in China more than a thousand years ago, and since then several different races have been developed. Decorative goldfish have extraordinary variations, such as differences in size, body shape, arrangement of fins, and colors (various color combinations include white, yellow, orange, red, brown, and black).
Variety
Selective breeding for centuries has produced several colors. Some colored varieties are so different from the golden color of the original ancestral fish. There are also differences in body shape, fins, and eye configuration. Some extreme varieties can only survive if kept in an aquarium, because they are more fragile than varieties that are still close to their ancestors from wild fish. However, some varieties are more resilient, such as the Shubunkin variety. Now, there are around 300 races (varieties) of ornamental carp in China. Most existing carp races are now bred and come from China, while some varieties are developed in Japan. In Indonesia, varieties of round-tailed and round-bodied carp are called carp fish or goldfish. Some varieties include:
* Sky or Choten eye ornamental fish has a double tail and is characterized by a pair of telescopic eyes that point upward looking towards the sky.
* Moor black is a variety of ornamental carp with a telescope that has the characteristics of large eyes that protrude outward. These fish are also referred to as popeye, telescopes, kuro demekin in Japan and dragon eyes in China.
* Eye Bubble or ornamental fish Balloon Eyes have eyes that point upwards which underneath there are two fluid filled eye bags.
* Carp Tail Fan is a form of western varieties from rounded Ryukin like eggs, high dorsal fins, and fourfold tails and no shoulder humps.
* Decorative oranda carp is characterized by a prominent head hood shaped like a frambocene (also called a wen head grows) that fills all parts of the head, except the eyes and mouth.
* Decorative ryukin carp has a short and hunchback body, characterized by a shoulder hump.
* Ornamental Pearls of Sisik Mutiara or chinshurin in Japanese are ball-like carp covered in small pearl-like scales and with fins similar to the Fan Tail variety.
* Moor Panda decorative fish is characterized by its black and white pattern and prominent eyes.
* The butterfly mooring or butterfly telescope is the offspring of the telescope's eye, with the best double tail seen from above, with a double tail fin that expands to resemble a butterfly's wing.
* Japanese ornamental carp ranchu has a hood on its head. The Japanese called him the "King of the Carp".
