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(English)

The Republic of Ghana is named after the medieval West African Ghana Empire. The empire became known in Europe and Arabia as the Ghana Empire after the title of its Emperor, the Ghana. The Empire appears to have broken up following the 1076 conquest by the Almoravid General Abu-Bakr Ibn-Umar. A reduced kingdom continued to exist after Almoravid rule end, and the kingdom was later incorporated into subsequent Sahelian empires, such as the Mali Empire several centuries later. Geographically, the ancient Ghana Empire was approximately 500 miles (800 km) north and west of the modern state of Ghana, and controlled territories in the area of the Sénégal River and east towards the Niger rivers, in modern Senegal, Mauritania and Mali.

Central Sub-Saharan Africa, agricultural expansion marked the period before 500 AD. Farming began earliest on the southern tips of the Sahara, eventually giving rise to village settlements. Toward the end of the classical era, larger regional kingdoms had formed in West Africa, one of which was the Kingdom of Ghana, north of what is today the nation of Ghana. Before its fall at the beginning of the 10th century Akans migrated southward and founded several nation-states around their matriclans, including the first empire of Bono state founded in the 11th century and for which the Brong-Ahafo (Bono Ahafo) region is named. The Mole-Dagbon people, who founded the earliest centralised political kingdoms of Ghana, migrated from Lake Chad to present day Ghana. Later, Akan ethnic groups such as the Ashanti, Akwamu, Akyem, Fante state and others are thought to possibly have roots in the original Bono state settlement at Bono Manso. The Ashanti kingdom's government operated first as a loose network and eventually as a centralized empire-kingdom with an advanced, highly specialized bureaucracy centred on the capital Kumasi.

(Twi)

Ghana, ɛyɛ ɔman wɔ Abibiman mu. Kane no na yɛfrɛ ɔman no "Gold Coast" a ɛkyerɛ sɛ Sika Mpoano. N'ahenkro din de Nkran (Accra). Ghana nipa bɛyɛ ɔpepe aduonu-awɔtwe ne akyire (over 28 million). Ghana yɛ ɔman a onyaa fawohodie kane wɔ Abibirem nyinaa Ɔbɛnem da a ɛtɔ so nsia, afe apem aha nkron aduonum nson (6th Ɔbɛnem 1957). Ɔmanpanin a odii ɔman no anim maa yɛnyaa fawohodie no ne Osagyefoɔ (Dokta)Okunini Kwame Nkrumah.

Nkuro akɛse no bi ne Kumasi, Oguaa (Cape Coast), Koforidua, Tema, Tamale, Sekondi (Sekune) Takorade. Kumasi yɛ Asantefoɔ ahenkuro. Asantehene, Otumfoɔ Osei Tutu a ɔtɔ so mmienu (II) ɛne ɔhempɔn a seesei ɔte Sikadwa Kofi (The Golden Stool) so. Na Ghana wɔ amantam bɛyɛ du, nanso seesei deɛ ɛyɛ dunsia.

Ɔmanpanin a odi Ghana so seesei no din de Nana Addo Dankwa Akuffo-Addo. Ghanafoɔ pɛ asomdwoe na wɔ sane so yɛ nkurofo a wɔsuro Nyame. Ghana yɛ ɔman a ɛwɔ sika, ɛnam nneɛma pa a onya firi n'asase no mu. Ghanafoɔ ani abue. Seesei Ghana asuapɔn (university), nso adɔɔso.



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