Fatir or Faatir (فاطر, "Originator"), also known as al-Malāʼikah or Malaikah (ﺍﻟملائكة, "The Angels"), is the 35th chapter (sūrah) of the Quraan with 45 verses (āyāt).
Regarding the timing and contextual background of the supposed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan / Makki surat", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca or Makkah, instead of later in Medina, Madinah or Madina).
Exegesis
Abu Hamza al-Thumal recorded from a parchment containing a speech on asceticism given by Imam Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin in which the following verse from Surat Fatir was referenced: (35:28)"Those truly fear Allah, among His Servants who have knowledge: for Allah is Exalted in Might, Oft-Forgiving." Concerning this verse, Zayn al-Abidin comments that the knowledge, by Allah, and the deeds are nothing but two harmonious matters. The one who recognizes Allah fears him, and the fear urges him to the deeds in obedience to Allah; the heads of knowledge follow him, recognize Allah, and strive to do good deeds.
Reward of reciting Surah Fatir:
The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.s.) said: One who recites it, intending that which is with Allah, the eight gates of Paradise call out to him that he can enter from whichever one he likes.
Surah al-Fatir (The Originator)
There are 45 ayaat in this Surah and it was revealed in Makkah. In a narration from the Holy Prophet (S) it is said that three doors of Jannah will be opened for the person who recites this Surah. He will be able to enter it through whichever door he pleases. In another narration it is said that the eight doors of Jannah will open to him and he will be permitted to enter through whichever he likes.
There are 45 ayaat in this surah and it was revealed in Makkah. In a narration from the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.) it is said that three doors of Jannah will be opened for the person who recites this surah. He will be able to enter it through whichever door he pleases. In another narration it is said that the eight doors of Jannah will open to him and he will be permitted to enter through whichever he likes.
Verses 29-30
Writing these verses and keeping them at the place of trade acts as a means of increase in income.
The discourse is meant to warn and reprove the people of Makkah and their chiefs for their antagonistic attitude that they had then adopted towards the Holy Prophet's message of Tauhid, like a well wisher, and also to admonish them like a teacher, as if to say: "O foolish people, the way to which this Prophet is calling you is to your own advantage. Your anger, your tricks and machinations against it and your conspiracies and designs to frustrate it are not directed against him but against your own selves. If you do not listen to him, you will be harming your own selves, not him. Just consider and ponder over what he says : there is nothing wrong in it. He repudiates shirk. If you look around carefully, you will yourself realize that there is no basis for shirk in the world. He presents the doctrine of Tauhid. If you use your common sense, you will come to the conclusion that there is no being, beside Allah, Creator of the Universe, which might possess divine attributes and powers and authority.
