توضیحات:

Ar-Rum (Arabic: الْرُّوم, 'The Romans') is the 30th chapter (surah) of the Quran. It consists of 60 verses (ayat). The term Rum originated in the word "Romans" and in the time of Muhammad (S.A.W) referred to the Byzantine Greeks (Eastern Roman Empire), hence the title is sometimes also translated as "The Greeks" or "The Byzantines".

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the supposed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan / Makki surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca (Makkah), instead of later in Medina (Madinah / Madina).

According to Theodor Nöldeke, ar-Rūm was the second-to-last Meccan surat and the eighty-fourth surah chronologically; however, he argues its 17th ayah was revealed during the Medinan period. While the first ayah of the surah (sorah / sorat) refers to the defeat of the Byzantine Empire at the hands of the Sasanian Empire near Damascus in the spring of 614, Nöldeke notes that this does not necessarily indicate 614 was the year in which the surah was revealed.

According to al-Tabari, it refers to the Battle of Adhri'at in 614, but this battle is ignored in other sources.

The surah begins by noting the recent defeat of the Byzantines by the Persians at the Battle of Antioch. This defeat posed a significant theological and sociological problem for the early Muslim community because the Byzantines were Christians and considered monotheists while the state that defeated them were considered dualists because the official religion was Zoroastrianism. The surah is in part a response to the non-Muslim Meccans, who took this victory as a sign that the traditional polytheistic practices would win out over monotheism. In the third and fourth ayatayn, the Muslim community is promised that the Byzantines will reverse their defeat into a victory "in a few years' time".

"The Romans were vanquished in the closer region, and they, after being vanquished, will prevail within a certain number of years. To God belongs the command before and after. And that Day ones who believe will be glad with the help of God. He helps whom He wills. And He is The Almighty, The Compassionate."[Quran 30:2–5 (Translated by Laleh Bakhtiar)]

Muslims believe this prophecy was fulfilled with Heraclius' campaign of 622, the Roman victory over Persians and cite it as an example of the miraculous nature of the Quran.

Reward of reciting Surat Rum:
1. The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w.s.) said: For one who recites it are ten rewards equal to the number of all angels that glorify Allah between the heaven and the earth.
Surat ar-Rum (The Romans)


Surah ar rum merupakan surat ke-30 yang terdiri atas 60 ayat. Surat ini disebut “Ar Rum” karena pada permulaan surat ini terdapat pemberitaan tentang bangsa Romawi dan bangsa Persia.

Dalam surat ar rum ayat 21, Allah SWT memberikan tanda-tanda kekuasaanNya bagi kaum yang mau berfikir. Di lain ayat dalam surah ar rum ayat 41, Allah SWT menerangkan tentang akibat buruk dari perbuatan manusia. Ayat ini sering kali dikutip sebagai peringatan atas perbuatan tangan manusia yang menimbulkan kerusakan.

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